Use of hydrocarbons as fuels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of hydrocarbons as fuels - Essay Example The early man’s industries included mining and smelting of ores, and a later transition from Stone Age to Metal Age. This resulted to not only wastage, but also potential spread of carbon monoxide, toxic elements of mercury, and lead among others. However, with Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, the introduction of the steam engine saw the industrial growth due to possible transportation of industrial goods hence more pollution due to higher industrial demands (Khopkar 2004 p.16). These industries pollute the environment through sulfur dioxide, dioxin, and other toxic substances. The pollutants are in form of liquid, gas, and other solid forms that seriously damage the bio system. Air pollution is inevitable within the industrial process although industrial ecology aims at harmonizing the industrial sector and the biosphere as a solution to this growing problem. The chemistry involved in this industrial process includes production of emissions like SO2, Nitrogen Oxides, and particulate emissions. Sulfur dioxide a content of fuel gases is one-quarter depending on the fuel. A coal-fired power plant produces 2.5million of fuel gas per hour if its output is 700MW, and emits 2.5 tons of sulfur per hour. However, the sulfur emissions are lower in industrial sources compared to power plants and occur where heating reactors use sulfur fuels. Oxidation of dust and soot particles with heavy metals due to presence of water droplets can result to acid smog that has deleterious effects on respiratory system. During combustion of nitric acids, the combustion process forms nitrogen oxides that are common air pollutants. Once Nitrogen oxide and the molecular oxygen or other radicals oxidate they form nitrogen dioxide. A good example is the use of sulfuric acid that contains nitrous elements during super phosphate production, because the process emits over 50% of nitrogen oxide gases. The

Saving Helpless Animals Essay Example for Free

Saving Helpless Animals Essay Do people realize the amount of animals that are killed each year for merely just a small portion of their body? Whether it is hide, hoofs, or urine, it’s never enough to make it worth killing the animal, taking parts of the body and leaving the rest go to waste. Writers such as Peter Hammarstedt in â€Å"Defending Whales and Seals,† goes on to explain how he dedicated his career to saving these animals. Hammarstedt states, â€Å"I wanted Peter in this book because he illustrates very well how rewarding it is to follow your heart and have huge impact on those with no voice. This quote captured my heart and led me into the research of Premarin Mares. Horses are being hung from the ceiling by a harness, with a machine hooked to them to collect their urine. They are being given half the amount of water a horse should have, all so their urine will be more pure. These horses are called Premarin Mares. They get the name Premarin from â€Å"Pregnant mare’s urine† (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). Premarin is a medicine created fro women going through menopause. These women have no clue how Premarin is being made. Once the mares have gone through the pregnancy and give birth, the foals are immediately on their way to death. They are either sent to a pre-slaughter house to gain weight, or they go straight to the slaughter house, because foal meat is a delicacy in some countries. Women need to be aware that Premarin should not be used because horses are being abused and killed for the creation of a medicine that has negative side affects upon human consumption. Premarin is a medicine that is produced from pregnant mares and is made by Wyeth-Ayerest to give to women who are going through menopause. The company that distributes and markets it world-wide, is Ayerst Organics Ltd. Premarin has been available to purchase since the year 1942. When stats were last checked in June of 2009, there were over nine million women who live in America that have purchased and been taking Premarin (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). The drug has been around for such a long time,  people immediately assume it must work. According to its creators, Premarin helps to relieve or eliminate a variety of female hormonal problems (Benefits of Premarin, 2012). Premarin is a hormone therapy that contains a blend of estrogens available in low dose options. In general women can expect relief within a few short weeks.PREMARIN is a hormone therapy that contains a blend of estrogens available in low dose options. In general, you can expect relief to begin within a few weeks. Being a female myself, I’m sure that very line is enough to spark anyone’s curiosity. The only thing is, these women were not informed of how Premarin is made, and the doctors make the side effects sound like they are no big deal. Some of the side effects Premarin will give women are chances of having a stroke is increased by 41%. The chances of having a heart attack are also increased by 29%. Premarin increases the chance of blood clots forming by 100%, and will increase the chances of getting breast cancer (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). These women should just find a new medicine that is not from chemicals that have to abusively be taken out of animals. The usage of Premarin is known to make hot flashes and night sweats become less frequent and intense. Premarin lets women begin to feel relief from hot flashes in as little as 3 weeks. The Benefits of Premarin states, â€Å"In a clinical trial, the lowest dose (0.3mg) of Premarin reduced the number of hot flashes from 13 to less than 3 per day at 12 weeks of therapy† (Benefits of Premarin, 2012). What people don’t realize is every year, there are at least 75,000 mares that are abused in order to produce Premarin. Since Premarin has been used, over one million innocent horses have died from its needs (Morrison, 2004). Since they have been researching how Premarin is made, there have been some changes to try to help these innocent horses. Morrison states, â€Å"The amount of horses needed went from 40,000 to 20,000 overnight† (Morrison, 2004). Premarin Mares will be used for up to twenty years if they keep getting pregnant and give out good strong urine. If not then they are simply sent away for slaughter. The harnesses that are put on the Premarin Mares make it so the horses are unable to move around at all. Being in this harness will cause serious abrasions to the horse’s body. Even this will not stop them from being put in the harness over and over (Premarin, 2012). A common breed of horses that is used to produce Premarin  is a draft horse. In the eleven months that mares are pregnant, six of that time their urine is painfully being taken from them. Morrison states, â€Å"And the result of all these pregnancies? Lots and lots of foals, baby horses† (Morrison, 2004). There are several reasons why women are so eager to use Premarin. Benefits of Premarin expresses, â€Å"Premarin has been shown to significantly improve vaginal symptoms due to menopause at every dose† (Benefits of Premarin, 2012). Wyeth Pharmaceuticals states, â€Å"Premarin’s vaginal cream is the first vaginal estrogen treatment made to relieve moderate to severe vagina itching, burning or dryness† (Wyeth, 2012). A small application of the cream can help to reduce or eliminate physical discomfort experienced by menopausal women during intercourse. With prolonged usage, the cream can reverse vaginal changes associated with menopause. It can take up to 3 weeks for the benefits to begin to be realized. What women don’t realize is that Premarin foals get taken from their mother, and either turned into Premarin Mares, or are sent away to get fattened up and then sent to the slaughter house (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). Once foals are born, they have alm ost no hope for a good life. If the foals are not an attractive color they have no chance of being sold for normal horse uses (Premarin, 2012). Sometimes when foals are sold to good families, they have deep concern for a health problem in the foal, so they have a harder time being adopted. Foals can be bought for recreational use. Most often though, they are bought by â€Å"killer buyers.† The babies that are born are not allowed to stay with their mother any longer than four months. Every year, there are at least twenty-five thousand babies who will be killed or who die from neglect (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). â€Å"These babies are then sent to slaughter houses or unsheltered feedlots to gain weight to be slaughtered for human consumption† (Premarin, 2012). Premarin foals get eaten by humans often. According to USDA, young foal meat tends to be very tender. This just shows how easily these babies can be neglected, because no one cares for them. Looking on the bright side of things, â€Å"Premarin has been proven to increase bone density of the hip and the spine and can help prevent osteoporosis† (Benefits of Premarin, 2012). This is an ongoing problem in women so the fact that Premarin can help solve this problem is a big plus  for the company. Mare’s used to produce Premarin are greatly abused on a daily basis and being deprived of their every day needs. Horses that are well taken care of are normally put in stalls that are around or close to 10 by 10 or even 10 by 12. These horses are being put in stalls that are eight by three-and-a-half feet. These poor horses do not have enough room to turn around. So the mare’s urine is stronger, the PMU farms give the mares half the amount of water they should receive on a daily basis (Premarin, 2012). The mares are kept on tiny stalls for one hundred fifty days hooked up to machines to collect their urine (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). The mares are kept in very small areas so they cannot move or even lay down (Premarin, 2012). The horses used for Premarin are given no attention love wise, and for a horse it is quality not quantity that matters to it. A popular doctor, Dr. Ray Kellosalmi, even says, â€Å"The production of Premarin is a source of pure torture to these mares† (Morrison, 2004). The mares used for this are highly abused. The LCA investigation found, â€Å"a still-alive mare hanging upside down with part of her leg cut off† (HRT Drug Widely Prescribed, 2003). Premarin is a convenient drug to take. Premarin offers five different strengths of the drug therefore it can be given to all different women due to the convenient dosing options (Benefits of Premarin, 2012).Premarin farms, also called PMU farms, are where the neglect of these horses takes place, and where Premarin is made. â€Å"There are thirty PMU farms located in North Dakota near the Canadian Border† Premarin, 2012). â€Å"There are more than five hundred PMU farms in North America with the majority being located in Canada† (Premarin, 2012). â€Å"Most Canadian PMU farms have re-emerged in Manitoba, Alberta, and Saskatchewan† (Premarin, 2012). To collect the urine, they place a rubber funnel almost like a hose in between the horse’s hind legs in order to be able to get the urine. The PMU farmers who do this think it is their last hope to keep their farm going. â€Å"On October 10, 2003, Wyeth Organics (Wyeth Inc.) started its first round of cuts in their PMU production contacts by notifying PMU farmers in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba that they’ll be reducing the number of ranchers who produce the urine by one-third† (Premarin, 2012). Premarin farms were never investigated for abuse until 1986; remember it started in 1942. The PMU  farmers try to breed their mares with stallions, hoping the foals will look more attractive, so they will sell easier at a sale. Killing Whales and Seals is also a pointless cause. This is why Peter dedicated his life to defending them. Just like poaching these sea lives, Premarin is a cruel way to make medicine for women going through menopause. Horses are being abused daily, and women are not aware of how it is being produced. Women going through menopause need to be aware of how Premarin is made, in hopes that they will not purchase it, so Premarin can no longer be produced.

Manipulation of Employees :: Business

The concerns that managers have regarding the subject of motivation and how to get the most effort from their employees are valid concerns because. The reality of today’s economy have many people living paycheck to paycheck and sometimes working two and three jobs just to make ends meet. Although many people are grateful to have jobs, they feel that they are living in times of uncertainty and worry everyday if they will have jobs tomorrow. The stress of dealing with the rising cost of everything not only makes motivation more challenging, it has caused people to be more anxious and distrustful. Trying to keep employees motivated in these times of uncertainty is indeed a big concern. Robbins and Judge define motivation by means of three elements. The first element is defined as being the process that account for an individual’s intensity which is concerned with how hard a person tries. The second element is direction that benefits the organization and the third element is persistence which is a measure of how long a person can maintain effort. Motivation is also driven by certain situations that vary between individuals and within individuals, at different times. (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.186) These elements should not only be expected from employees but from managers as well. The key to understanding what employees’ motivations are, and how managers can support them in their aims and objectives, is to understand that different people are motivated by different things. Managers should make a conscience effort to stay in touch with the interest, skills and abilities that their employees possess. Given the opportunity, it is possible that employees can provide valuable information about how to motivate each other to do a better job. Maslow needs theory has received wide recognition particularly among practicing managers. Perhaps it could provide some valuable insight in motivation. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs â€Å"hypothesized that within every human being there exists a hierarchy of five needs. Maslow separated the five needs into higher and lower orders. Physiological and safety needs were described as lower-order needs and social, esteem, and self-actualization as higher-order needs. As each of these needs becomes substantially satisfied, the next need becomes dominant. So if you want to motivate someone, you need to understand what level of the hierarchy that person is currently on and focus on satisfying the needs at or above that level.† (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.187) Psychologist Frederick Herzberg contends that â€Å"if we want to motivate people on their jobs, emphasize factors associated with the work itself or to outcomes directly derived from it.

Narcotics Anonymous Assignment Essay

My feelings about this assignment: When first reading the requirements of this assignment I was quite hesitant in approaching group counselling sessions as I was not aware of any in my area. A friend of mine whom I had not seen in a while told me that she was in a rehab facility for a month and was attending an outpatient programme. This was fantastic news and just the opportunity I was looking for, not only was this what I needed for my assignment but it was also an opportunity for me to support her. I asked her if it would be possible for me to go with her to one of her meetings and she was too happy to have me go with her. What is NA? Narcotics Anonymous is a global, community-based organization with a multi-lingual and multicultural membership. They offer recovery from the effects of addiction through working a twelve-step program, including regular attendance at group meetings. The group atmosphere provides help from peers and offers an ongoing support network for addicts who wish to pursue and maintain a drug-free lifestyle. The name, NA, is not meant to imply a focus on any particular drug; NA’s approach makes no distinction between drugs including alcohol. Membership is free, and they have no affiliation with any organizations outside of NA including governments, religions, law enforcement groups, or medical and psychiatric associations. Where is NA? There are various meetings held all over RSA, you can have a look on their website to see where the closest meeting is, when it takes place and whether it is a closed or open meeting. This meeting was held at AKESO Crescent Clinic. This is a rehab facility, the meeting is held in a conference room inside. Once you walk in you will see that the chairs are placed in a circle and behind it are more chairs placed in a bigger circle. The structure of the meeting: Chairperson opens the meeting and advises that it’s an open meeting, meaning that anyone can join, i.e. family, friends and other support structures. He then allows all to introduce them moving from the left to right. Each individual stands up, gives their name followed by the words, and I am an addict. He then asks if there are any new comers and mentions that the newcomer is the most important person at any meeting and although it may seem confusing at first, to keep an open mind and keep coming back. He then proceeds to advise that there is one rule at this meeting: that no drugs or drug paraphernalia be in your possession. If anyone is carrying, they are to leave and come back without them. If anyone is carrying a cell phone to please turn it off for the duration of the meeting. He then asks that someone reads the preambles. These pamphlets have been randomly placed on various chairs prior to the meeting, if you have one; you have the option to read it or to ask someone el se to read. The preambles are: Who is an addict? Why are we here? What is the NA Program? How it works? The twelve traditions We do recover At the meeting they then recognize specific landmarks in their recovery. 24 hours 24 hours to 7 days 7 to 14 days 14 – 30 days 30 – 60 days 60 – 90 days 90 days to 6 months 6 – 9 months 9 – 12 months 1 – 2 years 2 – 3 years More than 3 years People put up the hands and support is given by clapping for their achievements. He then asks whether there are any birthdays or landmarks that anyone would like to share. As they say how long they have been clean, tags are handed out for those achievements and the woman who is handing out the tags gives the person a hug. Below is a picture of the different tags that each addict receives for each landmark: He advises the meeting that the views expressed by the individuals there, do not necessarily show the view of the NA and if anyone is interested in any of the official literature, the literature person will talk about it. The literature rep stands up and advises on what books are available Living clean Just for today How it works and why (12 steps and stories of addicts worldwide) Sponsorship guide The step working guide She explains what each book is about and the price so that if anyone would like to purchase the literature, you will be able to do so after the meeting. There are also various pamphlets that are available. The chairperson then introduces the topic he has chosen for the evening and interprets how the topic relates to his life and then opens the floor so that any of the addicts are open to speak. Only the chair knows what the topic is going to be for the evening. Once everyone has had their turn to share and before closing the meeting he asks: Is there anyone who still feels the need to share Does anyone have a burning issue? Does anyone just have an issue staying clean today? They address these issues separately after the meeting. Chairperson thanks all for sharing and reminds all that what they see and hear here remains here. The seventh tradition states that they are self-supporting through their own contributions. They then send around a donation basket where generous donations are requested. Newcomers and visitors are asked not to contribute and to consider themselves as guests. â€Å"Just for today† is then read, this is the last preamble. He then asks that everyone stands up and holds hands, all the addicts in the meeting and some guests who have attended before say in unison – â€Å"As long as I follow, I have nothing to fear†. The Chair then asks that we take a moment of silence for babies born into active addiction and addicts suffering inside and outside the rooms. The meeting is then ended with the serenity prayer, God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can and the wisdom to know the difference. Keep coming back, it wor ks if you work it and work it because you’re worth it. Personal story of recovery: I felt it was important not to share the stories I had heard in the meeting as per the request made by the chairperson. I was however able to find personal stories of recovery from addiction available on the NA website so I have chosen to rather share a published story instead. This is the story about Greg C, the topic: Letting Go: On the 12th of September, it will be the 20th anniversary of my baby brother’s death. A good couple of years ago when things were running wild, I took him into my drug business and he was that kind of a guy, a stray dog, so I knew I had to take him under my care but I was happy to do so as he was a great guy. I just got back from Australia and it was a very successful trip and there was nothing in town so I went back to Cape Town. In hindsight, the three months before his death, I was already giving him a hard time about all the money that was outstanding but in my heart I knew that he had already used it and all he needed to do was tell me that he had used it and I wouldn’t have minded. So this Wednesday the 12th, I started  my period of self-destruction. I called him and he hadn’t come down from my parents place and they told me that he hadn’t woken up. My whole life just shattered and it took me 10 years of self-destruction, hitting financial rock bot tom and ending up in the emergency room for a heroin overdose and a number of 48 hours spent in prison cells to get over this. What was my struggle with this? Was I to blame for getting him into this drug world? Was it the guilt that I had treated him badly for the last three months cause if I knew he was going to die three months before I would not have cared what he used or what money he owed me cause I’d pay anything today to get him back. When I walked into NA 10 years ago, I came in like everyone else, rough and wounded. Still with that street bravado and they spoke about surrender. It took me six days to get there; I cleaned and showered, looked in the mirror and then went back to my room to use again. Eventually when I got here, it was somebody’s 1 year anniversary. I was really tired of using about two years before I got here. That birthday meeting was the greatest motivation for me because someone was clean for 365 days. I followed all the steps they told me to do and then they told me to let go. It took me 6 years before I let go of the guilt and let go about what I felt happened with Rowan. It was the most freeing aspect of my recovery was when I was able to put that stuff down and move on with my life. The other things had all changed; I got myself a job and had good friends. It was tough; I made in a month what I used in a day. It took two years before I started seeing the materialistic things of this fellowship but I was still walking around with this baggage. It took me a good 5 nearly 6 years before I let go with Rowan and by that time I was fu lly living NA, I was completely involved for seven and a half years, whatever service came up, I volunteered in the fellowship. I had quite a lot of things to get over, had a lot of meetings where addicts wouldn’t pitch and I took that personally, I had to let that go as well. About two and a half years ago I thought it was time to move out of this fellowship and go and get myself a life and start living. I managed to let go of the service stuff of NA but it was time to let it go and my sponsor thought it was time to let it go, I didn’t want to let it go, but I knew I had to let it go. I was still working for the same company and a lot of things were promised to me and that didn’t happen, so obviously I built up a lot of resentment there. I built this picture up in  my mind that I always needed a lot of money to start up my own business and I suppose it was all fear and paranoia to stay in this comfort zone. Anyway, I stopped coming to meetings, only popped in every now and again when it was someone’s birthday, that sort of thing. Not being around, nobody asked me to share and slowly my connection to NA slowly drifted. One thing is for sure and that’s what was promised to me when I first joined and that’s if I follow the 5 simple rules that my need to use will slowly be lifted. Two and a half years when I left, my obsession to use had been lifted a nd I felt no need to use. Eventually after many years of frustration, I decided to throw in the towel where I was and forget my fear that I needed all this money to start a business. I left there, I bought a few cars and put them on a few friend’s stands and they were selling the cars for me and I was living a half retired life, going to the gym, go swimming, go do this and that. Things still weren’t comfortable on the inside, I was still out of sink and I knew I was still carrying around a bit of stuff and slowly I was drifting into more insanity by not being connected to this place. And then it all happened at once, I knew I was insane, I knew I had to get back to a meeting. I’d heard and read enough of it to know that I had to get back to a meeting. I found a home group and at the same time found a car lot for sale, managed to buy it and put my cars on there and now I have a good business. I know that I have to show up, I have to tell the truth; I have to live with honor, do what I’m responsible for and leave the rest of the results to my higher power. When I look back at the ten years as I have been part of this fellowship, all the good things that have happened in my life, I’ve only realized that it happened after it did and I didn’t even know it was happening; which tells me that the only way I’m going to stay c lean is to let things go, stay focused and stay plugged into this place. Love having my sponsor, I get an objective point of view for my life. What actually happened to me 10 years ago and I only realized this a few months ago is that I was in the middle of a desert with a bag on my back with everything I owned and a bakkie pulled up and a man said, jump on the back, I’ll give you a lift. First thing I wanted to do is take control of the situation and ask are you going in my direction. The voice said – there is only one road. I got onto the back of this bakkie and I stood there with the heavy pack on my back for I don’t know how long on  this ride. It was hot and heavy. The bakkie slowed down, and this voice said, I stopped to give you a ride, take the pack off, sit down and enjoy the ride. And no sooner did I do that and the scenery changed to the most magnificent view and I’ve been enjoying it ever since. My Reflections: My concerns were what to expect and how to approach the meeting as I have not attended something like it before. I did not want to seem judgmental in any way as I have no idea what the reasons are for these people turning to drugs, only that they were looking for a way to stay clean. I know from what â€Å"Ally† has told me that they support each other and try to work through their problems and triggers together. My perception of what to expect and what I experienced was greatly different. I expected a counsellor to be present and do most of the talking as I have witnessed on the various interviews conducted on the UNISA DVD’s. This was not the case at all, everyone who felt the need to share did so and so much support was given to each person for the accomplishments that I felt an appreciation for such a support group. My discussions with â€Å"Ally† helped me tremendously to prepare for what I was going to enter upon. This was an open meeting where friends, fam ily and other support people were allowed to attend; this made me more comfortable as I would not be the only new comer or outsider present at the meeting. This was definitely an eye opening experience for me. From the moment I arrived till the time that I left, I felt so accepted by all. I think I might even have had a moment where I felt that I wished I was an addict so that I could come back. This group was more than a bunch of addicts coming together to talk about their problems, they were like a family, talking and sharing, caring for each other and praising each other for their accomplishments. I was truly moved by the experience and feel a better understanding for what â€Å"Ally† has gone through. I hope that when she feels the need to use that she will feel comfortable enough to talk to me and I will support her as best I can. Conclusions about the helping relationship I have to come to the realization that many find the support they need in groups. They feel comfort in knowing that they are not alone in this struggle. Many feel guilty for what they have put their families through  and therefore I also find it important that the families also attend these meetings. This not only shows support for the addict but also helps them to understand what it is like to be an addict. I think it may be difficult for a family to believe what an addict says but when they hear it from many, it becomes more believable and easier to accept. References: http://www.na.org

Blue ocean strategy Essay

The concept of blue and red oceans is used to describe the market universe occupied by business. The red ocean consists of all industries which are currently in operation. In this business universe, the boundaries of industries are defined as well as widely accepted. This business world is characterized by high competition as companies try to outdo their rivals. Increase in competition crowds the market thus reducing prospects of profit and also growth resulting to cutthroat competition. This competition then turns this business ocean bloody thus the name red oceans (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005). The blue ocean on the other hand refers to industries which are not yet in existence. Under this ocean, demand for products is created instead of being fought for as in the red oceans. This universe also has opportunities for growth and higher profitability. Under the blue oceans, competition is irrelevant since the rules are not yet set. This approach defines the potential that is unexplored by the already existing markets. Value innovation is the base of blue ocean strategy and a company creates a blue ocean when it is able to achieve value innovation with the capacity to create value for the buyer and the seller simultaneously. The blue ocean strategy is today being used by most of the successful businesses around the world. Businesses have realized the value of adopting value innovation to help in growth and profit sustainability. China mobile company is one of the businesses which have reaped the benefits of applying blue ocean strategy in its operations (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005). Adoption of blue ocean strategy by China mobile company While using the blue ocean strategy, a company tries to create a space which is uncontested and to create and then capture new demand in the market. Another aim of the company is to ensure that competition is made irrelevant. Blue ocean strategy also tries to break the cost trade off or the value. The other objective of a blue ocean strategy is to align the entire system of the activities of a company towards differentiation and attainment of lower costs (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005). China mobile is among the most successful companies in the mobile phone market which have largely adopted the blue ocean strategy in its operations. Competition in this market is fierce as it has more than 100 phone manufactures and over 1000 products being launched in the market. This competition led china mobile to adopt a different approach to ensure it survives in this industry. China mobile has created over five domains of blue oceans which include the invention of TV phones, stock mobile phones, navigation mobile phones, secure mobile phones and energy saving phones. By the time china mobile was introducing some of these services to their phones, most of the companies in this field had not explored these areas making china mobile sales to increase and costs to reduce. Most of these areas like the secure mobile locks are still widely unexplored by most manufacturers of mobile phones (Federation of Hong Kong Industries, 1996). The mobile products of China mobile are characterized by innovative products which have created and raised their demand all over the world. Their innovative processes involves integrating and converging computers, communications, and consumer electronics functions in coming up with the china mobile phones with above specifications. While developing the phones, the company looks at possible demands within the environment which may arise in the future. One of the most popular phones from this company is the navigation mobile phone. Another make that have attracted more customers is the solar powered mobile phone (Hamel, 1998). While using the blue strategy, china mobile tries to come up with mobile phones which create demand in the market while at the same time reducing possibilities of competition. It makes phones to meet and satisfy a certain need in particular but individual market segments. Hi-tech wealth phones are secure mobile phones from china mobile which are specifically produced to fit the needs of business people as well as entertainment industry. By making this phone, the company was able to create a need in this category of people and also to increase the demand for the product. Before invention of this mobile phone, business men and the entertainment industry had no need for secured phones. However, the nature of their work could have necessitated such a phone. By making such a phone, china mobile did not only create a need in these people but it also created awareness of such needs and successfully met them. Making products which fit or satisfy a need that a company creates is effective in creating blue oceans for a company and china mobile has been able to do this (Wang & Ahmed, 2002). China’s stock market is characterized by red hot ocean. This market has high competition and many players who trade in the stock market. People involved in the stock market operations are keen on the different trends this market takes. China mobile identified these need and came up with the china Unicom and also china mobile which aids in operating the mobile stock business. Invention on the china Unicom led to high demand of it in the country. China mobile have to a large extent applied blue ocean strategy which have enabled it to continue growing and expanding even in the global markets. The products of this company are widely used due to their uniqueness and their markets are not faced with competition unlike other mobile phone manufacturers (Asongu, 2007). However, despite the proven benefits of the blue ocean strategy, it is highly criticized by different authors as well as businessmen. One of the criticisms is based on the unavailability of uncontested spaces in the market. This approach is dismissed as being descriptive or taking a theoretical perspective instead of being prescriptive. While this strategy argues that there are spaces in the market which are unexplored, identifying such places is difficult and maintaining them to avoid competition is also impossible. Since china mobile invented the TV mobiles, most of other manufacturers also followed suit thus increasing competition. The temporary blue ocean created does not last long enough to enable a company attain desired growth. Blue oceans always end up being red oceans within short periods and are hard to maintain. The cost of developing a blue ocean may thus be high than that of operating in a red ocean (Huang, n. d). The blue ocean strategy is also criticized on the ground that there has not been any control group which have been cited or used to determine its viability. There could be many companies which failed while attempting to employ this strategy thus making the viability of this strategy questionable. This theory thus does not meet the criteria of falsiability in the real practice because no deductive process has been followed to ensure its workability (Truch, 2006). The blue ocean strategy is only an enhancement of other theories of competition and now a new idea. It expounds on Porter’s competitive theories of SWOT analysis. However, this theory fails to recognize the potential threats that may face a firm while exploring new markets. Porter’s theory is superior in that it takes into consideration of possible opportunities within the industry and also the possible threats. Also, Porter’s theory is more practical unlike the blue ocean theory (Hollensen, 2007). Conclusion Businesses require strategic planning for them to be able to grow and be productive. There are different business strategic approaches which a business may adopt to ensure it gains a competitive edge in the market place. Blue or red ocean strategies are some of such strategies available to a business. With increase in competition and globalization on the rise, it is vital for any business to be innovative and creative. One of the ways to ensure that a business maintains its market share and profitability is by developing products or offering services which are of higher value as compared to other available goods or services. This can be effectively done by identifying the needs of the customers and producing products that meets and creates more demand for a product. This is only possible if a company is able to identify untapped business areas. A business should however adopt a strategy that suits its marketing needs and its growth prospects. Reference: Asongu, J. J. (2007): Generating Sustainable Funds through Branding: RED Campaign Introduces New Business Model for CSR. Journal of Business and Public Policy Blundell, R. , Griffith, R. & Van Reenen, J. (1999): Market share, market value and innovation in a panel of British manufacturing firms. Review of Economic Studies Federation of Hong Kong Industries (1996): Hong Kong Industrialist: Journal of the Federation of Hong Kong Industries

Helen Hunt Jackso Essays - Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century Of Dishonor

Helen Hunt Jackso Essays - Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century Of Dishonor Helen Hunt Jackso A Century Of Dishonor, a Triumph or Tragedy? The author Helen Hunt Jackson had hoped for a triumph over the mistreatment, abuse, and mainly the deaths of seemingly innocent Native Americans with her novel, A Century Of Dishonor. However, when the hard cold reality set in, her novel was merely a small tragedy in the battle for the Native Americans that sadly went unnoticed. What treaty that the whites ever made with us red men have they kept? Not one. When I was a boy the Sioux owned the world. The sun rose and set in their lands. They sent 10,000 horse men to battle. Where are the warriors to-day? Who slew them? Where are our lands? Who owns them? What white man can say I ever stole his money? Yet they say I am a thief.... What law have I broken? Is it wrong for me to love my own? Is it wicked in me because my skin is red; because I am a Sioux; because I was born where my fathers lived; because I would die for my people and my country (qtd. in Carruth and Ehrlich 56). To write about the author, one must first understand why she felt so strongly for this sensitive issue. Helen Hunt Jackson began writing professionally at age 35. She first became involved with the plight of the American Indian in 1879 after attending a lecture illuminating the poor living conditions and mistreatment the Ponca tribe was undergoing. Jackson became enamored with this issue, she effectively wielded her writing skills to illuminate the plight of the Poncas to the general public through the publication of numerous in-depth letters to the editors of many major eastern newspapers. She furthered her cause by writing personal letters to prominence such as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Oliver Wendell Holmes and became heavily involved in literary sparring matches with the Secretary of the Interior and others who disagreed with her cause. Her crusade was successful in obtaining federal resolve of many of the issues facing the Poncas (Moon 1). To write of the novel A Century Of Dishonor, one must understand from which it was written. This is a detailed account of the last six years of Jacksons life (1879-1885), when she struggled to promote the rights of American Indians displaced and dispossessed by the U. S. government (Mathes). This interest climaxed when she heard Ponca chieftain Standinng Bear and Suzette Bright Eyes La Flesche lecture in Boston in 1879 on the suffering of many dispossessed Plains Indians. As Odell notes, Jacksons was a sudden and consuming interest. For the first time, she identified herself with a national reform movement, not having written for the causes of black-white equality, temperance, and suffrage.... Jackson became determined to write a nonfiction book that would expose the governments maltreatment of its wards and plead for America to correct its record. Her campaign to arouse public opinion culminated in the publication in 1881 of A Century Of Dishonor, a document of some four hundred fifty pages whose major thesis is that the Indian policy of the United States defied the basic principles of justice (Estes 246-247). Helen Hunt Jackson had determined to do a full-dress study at the New York Astoor Library, where she found more than enough information to present that knowledge to the 1880 Congress. She presents her case in emotional narratives of the history of seven tribes, the Cheyennes, Cherokees, Delawares, Nez Perces, Poncass, Sioux, and Winnebagoes, and on the massacres of Indians by whites (Estes 247). Needless to say, the 1800 Congress was not interested. However, the powerful Indian Rights Association was formed within a year of its publication (Estes 247). Not only was the information publiced, President Chester Arthur appointed Helen Hunt Jackson as a commissionner of the Indian Affairs in 1882. To prove all this it is only necessary to study the history of any one of the Indian tribes. I propose to give in the following chapters merely outline sketches of the history of a few of them, not entering more into details than necessary to show the repeated broken faith of the United States government toward them. A full history of the wrongs they have suffered at the hands of the authorities, military and civil, and also of the citizens of this country, it would take years to write and volumes to hold (Jackson 29).The novel was then reviewed in the New York Times sixteen years after her death. Of this story it is not necessary to say anything here. This edition is printed in

Three schools of counselling psychology Essay Example

Three schools of counselling psychology Essay Example Three schools of counselling psychology Essay Three schools of counselling psychology Essay Counselling involves a therapist who offers certain conditions, activities and methods and aims to help clients live more effective lives. Meltzoff and Kornreich (1970) defined counselling as informed and planful application of techniques derived from established psychological principles With regards to one to one talk therapies, there are eight mainstream approaches. Allport (1962) recognised that these counselling approaches fall into three main groups or schools. The first is behaviourism, where the client is a reactive being. The second is the psychodynamic school, where the client is a reactive being in depth. The third is the humanistic school, where the client is in process of becoming.One of these major approaches is psychoanalysis, which belongs to the psychodynamic school. This theory stresses the importance of unconscious factors causing faulty development. Other therapies belonging to the psychodynamic school include analytical therapy and self psychology. Freud suggested a persons behaviour can be understood by the interaction among the three unconscious systems.The Id is the first to develop and looks for immediate gratification in whichever way possible. The Ego develops from the Id and is under the influence from the reality principle. The Superego is the incorporation of parental and social standards (introjection) and acts like a moral restriction. The Ego acts as a mediator between the two systems, and may create defence mechanisms such as repression which puts painful experiences into the unconscious. Therapy aims to use free association to gain insight into unconscious wishes and fixations and to use transference to free the client of them.Personality (or psychosexual) development is marked by five distinct stages. The first is the Oral stage (0-18 months) and is characterised by the infants need to reduce feelings of tension e.g. hunger. If the infants needs are not met, this can cause the adult personality to be pessimistic (Abraham, 1924). The second stage is the Anal stage (18 months-3 years). The main source of pleasure comes from retaining and passing faeces. Freud (1917) suggested that if the child doesnt learn the acceptable behaviour, it may cause loss of self esteem in adulthood. The third stage is the Phallic phase (3 years-adolescence).This is characterised by becoming familiar with the genital organs of both sexes and the Oedipus complex. The child will unconsciously long for the parent of the opposite sex and become hostile towards the parent of the same sex for having that person. The fourth stage is the Latency stage (adolescence) where they resolve their childhood conflicts through masturbation and have romantic relationships, go to school and learn adult responsibility.Most criticisms aimed at psychoanalysis are because it lacks empirical evidence and is not seen as falsifiable (Popper, 1986). It also criticised on the grounds that is phallocentric. It is also argued that the theory is not generalisable because Freuds ideas were based on a demographically restricted sample of individuals The humanistic school offers therapies such as the person centred approach (Rogers, 1902) and reality therapy amongst others.He believed that humans have an actualisi ng tendency to achieve their full potential. It emphasises the role of over socialisation in preventing people to perceive themselves and their environment properly, and consequently not being able to self actualise. Through experience with clients, he found that each persons reality is different, depending on their perceptions and experiences. He called this perception a persons internal frame of reference. When perceptions become maladaptive, therapy aims to focus on each individuals world to help them live more fully, using the core conditions of congruence, unconditional positive regard and empathy.Rogers believed that experiences are valued as positive or negative according to whether they maintain their actualising tendency. Through interaction with others, a self concept develops. This self concept/regard needs to be positively regarded from others. This leads to selective perception of experiences so that they fall in accord with the individuals conditions of worth. Experien ces which dont agree are distorted and arent put into the self structure. This causes incongruence and psychological maladjustment. For congruence to occur, all experiences must be assimilated with other concepts of the self. Counselling aims to recognise incongruous experiences, whilst showing empathy and unconditional positive regard.

Biography of Saddam Hussein of Iraq

Biography of Saddam Hussein of Iraq Born: April 28, 1937 at Ouja, near Tikrit, Iraq Died: Executed December 30, 2006 in Baghdad, Iraq Ruled: Fifth President of Iraq, July 16, 1979 to April 9, 2003 Saddam Hussein endured childhood abuse and later torture as a political prisoner. He survived to become one of the most ruthless dictators the modern Middle East has seen. His life began with despair and violence and ended the same way. Early Years Saddam Hussein was born to a shepherds family on April 28, 1937 in northern Iraq, near Tikrit. His father disappeared before the child was born, never to be heard from again, and several months later, Saddams 13-year-old brother died of cancer. The babys mother was too despondent to care for him properly. He was sent to live with the family of his uncle Khairallah Talfah in Baghdad. When Saddam was three, his mother remarried and the child was returned to her in Tikrit. His new stepfather was a violent and abusive man. When he was ten, Saddam ran away from home and returned to his uncles house in Baghdad. Khairallah Talfah had recently been released from prison, after serving time as a political prisoner. Saddams uncle took him in, raised him, allowed him to go to school for the first time, and taught him about Arab nationalism and the pan-Arabist Baath Party. As a youth, Saddam Hussein dreamed of joining the military. His aspirations were crushed, however, when he failed the military school entrance exams. He attended a highly nationalistic secondary school in Baghdad instead, focusing his energy on politics. Entry into Politics In 1957, the twenty-year-old Saddam formally joined the Baath Party. He was selected in 1959 as part of an assassination squad sent to kill the Iraqi president, General Abd al-Karim Qasim. However, the October 7, 1959 assassination attempt did not succeed. Saddam had to flee Iraq overland, by donkey, moving first to However, the October 7, 1959 assassination attempt did not succeed.   Saddam had to flee Iraq overland, by donkey, moving first to Syria for a few months, and then going into exile in Egypt until 1963. Baath Party-linked army officers overthrew Qasim in 1963, and Saddam Hussein returned to Iraq. The following year, due to infighting within the party, he was arrested and imprisoned. For the next three years, he languished as a political prisoner, enduring torture, until he escaped in 1967. Free from prison, he began to organize followers for yet another coup. In 1968, Baathists led by Saddam and Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr took power; Al-Bakr became president, and Saddam Hussein his deputy.   The elderly Al-Bakr was nominally the ruler of Iraq, but Saddam Hussein really held the reins of power.   He sought to stabilize the country, which was divided among Arabs and Kurds, Sunnis and Shiites, and rural tribes versus urban elites. Saddam dealt with these factions through a combination of modernization and development programs, improved living standards and social security, and brutal suppression of anyone who caused trouble despite these measures.   On June 1, 1972, Saddam ordered the nationalization of all foreign-owned oil interests in Iraq. When the 1973 energy crisis struck the following year, Iraqs oil revenues shot up in a sudden windfall of wealth for the country. With this flow of money, Saddam Hussein instituted free compulsory education for all Iraq children all the way through university; free nationalized medical care for all; and generous farm subsidies. He also worked to diversify Iraqs economy, so that it would not be utterly dependent on volatile oil prices. Some of the oil wealth also went into chemical weapons development. Saddam used some of the proceeds to build up the army, party-linked paramilitaries, and a secretive security service. These organizations used disappearances, assassination, and rape as weapons against perceived opponents of the state. Rise to Formal Power In 1976, Saddam Hussein became a general in the armed forces, despite having no military training. He was the de facto leader and strongman of the country, which was still supposedly ruled by the sickly and aged Al-Bakr. Early in 1979, Al-Bakr entered into negotiations with Syrian President Hafez al-Assad to unite the two countries under al-Assads rule, a move that would have marginalized Saddam from power. To Saddam Hussein, the union with Syria was unacceptable. He had become convinced that he was the reincarnation of the ancient Babylonian ruler Nebuchadnezzar (r. 605 - 562 BCE)  and destined for greatness. On July 16, 1979, Saddam forced Al-Bakr to resign, naming himself president. He called a meeting of the Baath party leadership  and called out the names of 68 alleged traitors among those assembled.   They were removed from the room and arrested; 22 were executed. In the following weeks, hundreds more were purged and executed. Saddam Hussein was not willing to risk party in-fighting like that in 1964 that had landed him in prison. Meanwhile, the Islamic Revolution in neighboring Iran put the Shiite clergy in power there. Saddam feared that Iraqi Shiites would be inspired to rise up, so he invaded Iran. He used chemical weapons against the Iranians, tried to wipe out Iraqi Kurds on grounds that they might be sympathetic to Iran, and committed other atrocities. This invasion turned into the grinding, eight-year-long Iran / Iraq War.   Despite Saddam Husseins aggression and violations of international law, much of the Arab world, the Soviet Union, and the United States all supported him in the war against Irans new theocracy. The Iran/Iraq War left hundreds of thousands of people dead on both sides, without changing the borders or governments of either side. To pay for this expensive war, Saddam Hussein decided to seize the oil-rich Gulf nation of Kuwait on grounds that it was historically part of Iraq. He invaded on August 2, 1990. A US-led coalition of UN troops drove the Iraqis out of Kuwait just six weeks later, but Saddams troops had created an environmental catastrophe in Kuwait, setting fire to the oil wells. The UN coalition pushed the Iraqi army back well inside Iraq  but decided not to roll on to Baghdad and depose Saddam. Domestically, Saddam Hussein cracked down ever harder on real or imagined opponents of his rule. He used chemical weapons against the Kurds of northern Iraq  and tried to wipe out the marsh Arabs of the delta region. His security services also arrested and tortured thousands of suspected political dissidents. Second Gulf War and Fall On September 11, 2001, al-Qaeda launched a massive attack on the United States. US government officials began to imply, without offering any proof, that Iraq might have been implicated in the terrorist plot. The US also charged that Iraq was developing nuclear weapons; UN weapons inspection teams found no evidence that those programs existed. Despite the lack of any ties to 9/11 or any proof of WMD (weapons of mass destruction) development, the US launched a new invasion of Iraq on March 20, 2003. This was the beginning of the Iraq War, or Second Gulf War. Baghdad fell to the US-led coalition on April 9, 2003. However, Saddam Hussein escaped. He remained on the run for months, issuing recorded statements to the people of Iraq urging them to resist the invaders. On December 13, 2003, US troops finally located him in a tiny underground bunker near Tikrit.   He was arrested and sent to a US base in Baghdad. After six months, the US handed him over to the interim Iraqi government for trial. Saddam was charged with 148 specific counts of murder, torture of women and children, illegal detention, and other crimes against humanity. The Iraqi Special Tribunal found him guilty on November 5, 2006, and sentenced him to death. His subsequent appeal was denied, as was his request for execution by firing squad instead of hanging. On December 30, 2006, Saddam Hussein was hanged at an Iraqi army base near Baghdad. Video of his death soon leaked on the internet, sparking international controversy.

David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper Essay - 1

David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper - Essay Example But according to interview, Cole has disapproved the theory of concentration camps and gas chambers as gas used was just a disinfectant. Piper was an eye witness to the holocaust and believes that the figure projected by Russian was much higher, only about 1.1 million Jews had died as against the Russian propaganda of 4.4 million Jews who had been exterminated! The bullets marks were that of Air Force raids when it was turned into airbase for Germans while fighting against Allied forces. Cole believes that Auschwitz’ gas chambers and concentration camps were wild imaginations of few and Jews had probably died due to hard working conditions. But 1.1 million is not a small number and if Piper has quoted this number, then mass murders did happen. Whether they were killed or not in gas chambers or were tortured to death in concentration camps is immaterial. I fail to understand the purpose of Cole’s interview with Piper because even though, he has found no evidence that prove that people could have been killed in the gas chamber that was shown to Cole, the interview, nevertheless clearly reveals that such heinous crime was committed in Auschwitz by Germans in WWII. (words:

The Problem of Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Problem of Plagiarism - Essay Example activities besides plagiarism; however, the ultimate impression that the reader should gain from such a statistic is that the practice is both widespread and increasingly pervasive. As this is an issue that effects the academic integrity of the learning institutions that exist as well as the quality and type of education that the students receive, this brief essay will seek to explain a few of the ways in which plagiarism works to cheat not only the student of valuable educational merit but the underlying roots of the educational system as well. The most pressing concern when dealing with the topic of plagiarism and its derivatives is to clearly define and differentiate what specifically plagiarism entails and how intertextuality and paraphrase plays into such a working definition. A most basic definition of plagiarism therefore hinges upon the fact that plagiarism can be defined by attempting to pass off another individual’s work as one’s own. Similarly, intertextuality is a far more gray concept (Hansen 189). Whereas paraphrasing is not necessarily a bad thing as long as it is cited appropriately, intertextuality is similar in that it requires the author to plainly note the manner of the sources that provoked the response that is being presented. In this way, the difference between plagiarism and incorporating useful points of intertextuality hinges upon the ability of the student to incorporate relevant and pertinent citations regarding the material they are dealing with. Firstly, consider the fact of what the educational system itself represents. Ultimately, it is a system that has a primary objective to impart knowledge to the participants within the process. One particularly effective means of doing this is to engage the participant with varying forms of feedback. Assigning papers, responses, critical analyses, discussion speeches etc are but a few ways of achieving such a goal. By means of eliciting this â€Å"feedback† system into the

Nursing and Unions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Nursing and Unions - Research Paper Example These conditions require some control and for controlling these negativities, nursing unions are there. With the help of unions, the nurses can get their due rights according to their hard work and the efficacy of unions cannot be rejected. Nurses accommodate the people with appropriate strategies that can be adopted for gaining optimal health. The vitality of nurses cannot be negated in the profession of healthcare. Nurses work as individuals as well as groups to help the needy people in terms of health. Nowadays, the lack of attraction towards nursing profession poses a serious concern for the health based departments and public health is endangered. The nurses have the right to gain positive reception for their hard work and in gaining that positive reception, unions play a positive part. Some nurses believe, that one alternative to the current slide in morale is to join together as a collective voice to bring about a change in the healthcare profession, which in turn is boosting the participation in nursing unions. It may lead to improved patient outcome because of increased job satisfaction and increased safety measures designed to protect both nurses and the patients. Because of unionization, more people will be encouraged to join nursing as a profession as they will be sure that their due rights will not be rejected and they will be taken care of. The nurses unions represent industrial interests of nurses employed under all awards and agreements, in both the public and private sectors. Its primary function is to protect the interest of nurses in this profession. Moreover, the association represents and provides for the professional, educational and industrial welfare of nurses in government and non government forums at state, national and international level. (Koontz & Weihrich, 2006) Â  

Corporate Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Corporate Entrepreneurship - Essay Example Having started in the year 1988, this company started out as a small unit with four tailors and has now gone ahead to become one of the most prestigious names in interior decoration in the state of Orissa. The demand for Dipti's products grew and there was a market for interior decoration. By 1993, Dipti was busy undertaking several turnkey projects for complete furnishing of guest houses, hotels, as well as the Governor's residences in the state of Orissa. Orissa is a small state in the Eastern part of India. It is cut off from any major development that takes place elsewhere in the country. For this reasons, Dipti wanted to shift. Following are the problems that she has encountered: Before laying down the formal plan of action, it is necessary to understand the elements that will be involved in the strategy that has been developed later in the paper, from the perspective of the company. This will help us understand the exact application of the theories through the length and breadth of the paper. A major part of Dipti's plan of action must include following a strategy based on gaining competitive advantage as well as achieving sustainable entrepreneurial growth. Let us first examine competitive advantage to see how and where it will fit in with the overall growth and expansion of the Anukul group. Michael E Porter has paved the way for re... Difficulty in managing HR: Dipti does not know the local language and hence she has had a problem with finding employees. Bangalore is a big city and she still needs to cross a variety of learning curves in order to know the market and prospective clients. Competitive Advantage and Sustainable Entrepreneurial Growth: Before laying down the formal plan of action, it is necessary to understand the elements that will be involved in the strategy that has been developed later in the paper, from the perspective of the company. This will help us understand the exact application of the theories through the length and breadth of the paper. A major part of Dipti's plan of action must include following a strategy based on gaining competitive advantage as well as achieving sustainable entrepreneurial growth. Let us first examine competitive advantage to see how and where it will fit in with the overall growth and expansion of the Anukul group. Michael E Porter has paved the way for revolutionary strategising trends and a whole new perspective on competition through his competitive advantage theory. In the corporate world, Porter's first book Competitive Strategy (1980), which he wrote in his thirties, became an international best seller, and is considered to be an authoritative piece of work on corporate strategy. The book, which has been published in nineteen languages and re-printed approaching sixty times, changed the way business leaders' minds worked. Further, it remains a guide of choice for strategic managers on a global scale. Apart from being rich in lessons about why and how industries, regions, and nations succeed or fail, this book is of great value as

Employment Law for Human Resource Practice Essay

Employment Law for Human Resource Practice - Essay Example Employment Law for Human Resource Practice James Franklin’s attributes of attendance problems to a cavalier attitude of employees of Millennial Generation is discriminatory based on age. Any action directed to this group of staff will, therefore, be viewed to carry a discriminatory intent tailored to punish a particular group of personnel. Every employee has a contract with the employer whether written or not. Employers are legally obliged to furnish their employees with statements of terms and conditions of engagement. Changing the terms of engagement without the employee’s agreement as did Happy Valley Incorporation is an outright breach of contract (Walsh, 2016). After the enactment of the new attendance policy, it was not communicated to all employees but one, Mr. Allen who did not share with the rest beside being directed only to a faction group of employees. Second, they did not seek the employees on the best ways to deal with the attendance problem. Large forms such as Happy Valley Incorporation must inform and consult employees or their representatives, in this case, P.O.O before making significant changes or redundancies. Even in the absence of this requirement, it is a prudent and ethical business practice to keep employees informed and involved in major decisions affecting them. P.O.O has two alternatives of justice to pursue, Consultation with the Happy Valley Management and seeking a legal redress.

Equity and Trusts Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Equity and Trusts Law - Essay Example The researcher states that a will is normally made in the presence of two witnesses who are not beneficiaries of the will. In a situation where the witnesses become beneficiaries, the will can be contested and invalidated under court’s guidance. After making the entire necessary directive, the testator should append their signature at the end of the will to indicate that everything else above the signature should be followed to the latter. If a clause or any kind of statement is made under the signature, such is considered null and void and cannot be implemented by the court. On 2nd January a one Mr. Clive made a will bequeathing Jamie and Muhammad  £100,000 absolutely. He also bequeathed his sister  £ 50, 000 indicating that he had communicated to her the purpose of this amount. A day before he made the will he had explained to Muhammad that he wished that the  £100,000 be held in trust for Ruth an old friend of his. He, later on, informed Karen that he had an illegitim ate child named Katherine whom he wanted to be taken care of after he was gone. He asked Karen to be his administrator and Karen Obliged. The law of equity states that equity seeks to deliver justice and not in halves. This means that where there is a need for justice such will be given; no more or less. The courts have been noted over the years to strictly observe the wishes of a dead man more than those of greedy relatives left behind fighting for something they did not create or help in any way to create. Despite the fact that Katherine is an illegitimate child, the will left behind by his father is enough indication that the deceased wanted the child taken care of when they are going to. Mr. Clive’s will has not left any ground for a challenger to stand on in court and an attempt by the widow Jane to challenge the will might turn out tone a big undoing for the widow. Once a will has been made and parties have been allocated gifts or any other kind of inheritance, the only way to nullify such a will is by proving that the testator made the will under duress and or was not in the right frame of mind when he was making the will.

Employment Law for Human Resource Practice Essay

Employment Law for Human Resource Practice - Essay Example Employment Law for Human Resource Practice James Franklin’s attributes of attendance problems to a cavalier attitude of employees of Millennial Generation is discriminatory based on age. Any action directed to this group of staff will, therefore, be viewed to carry a discriminatory intent tailored to punish a particular group of personnel. Every employee has a contract with the employer whether written or not. Employers are legally obliged to furnish their employees with statements of terms and conditions of engagement. Changing the terms of engagement without the employee’s agreement as did Happy Valley Incorporation is an outright breach of contract (Walsh, 2016). After the enactment of the new attendance policy, it was not communicated to all employees but one, Mr. Allen who did not share with the rest beside being directed only to a faction group of employees. Second, they did not seek the employees on the best ways to deal with the attendance problem. Large forms such as Happy Valley Incorporation must inform and consult employees or their representatives, in this case, P.O.O before making significant changes or redundancies. Even in the absence of this requirement, it is a prudent and ethical business practice to keep employees informed and involved in major decisions affecting them. P.O.O has two alternatives of justice to pursue, Consultation with the Happy Valley Management and seeking a legal redress.

Incident at Morales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Incident at Morales - Essay Example In addition, Chuck the vice leader of the engineering at the Phaust persuades Martinez to decrease the cost of building in order to save funds for built-up of their products. However, the engineer identifies environmental and technical challenges that could result to health problems to the members of the staff, and to the society around. In this regard, Martinez has no option but to abandon the challenges in order to regulate the construction cost to be able to leave behind funds for the manufacture of paint remover. For instance, Martinez deviated from the engineering principles which demand engineer’s to report to their superiors whenever they identify a hazard. In this regard, Chuck the vice president advised Martinez to reduce the construction cost as much as possible in order for the company to have manufacturing funds (Applegarth). As a result, the engineer ignored many ethical stuffs associating to protection, wellbeing, and the atmosphere. On the other hand, Martinez did not inform his fellow colleagues when the ethical decision was to be made, procedure for the project was not presented in an honest channel, and employee’s contributions were not considered. In this regard, the engineer neglected the environmental issues when acquiring different ingredients for the plant. For instance, he purchased less expensive pipes and connector for construction in order to be able to save money and ignored the repercussion it would cause (Applegarth). By doing this, Martinez failed to apply the engineer’s principles, which require engineers to consider the well-being of the individuals operating in the premise. In this regard, he purchased materials that could not hold out far above the ground hotness, and stress for a long period. In addition, Martinez failed to purchase the best quality sensors from Lutz and Lutz. The sensors failed to

Costa Coffee Essay Example for Free

Costa Coffee Essay The remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and usually irrespective and out of Costa Coffees control. Economic factors Since Costa Coffee is a multinational business, top-level managers must consider the economic situations on both the National (Egypt) and International levels. Currencies exchange rate (Forex) affects Costa Coffees final products prices as well as operation costs. Costa Coffee imports high quality coffee beans from rainforest farms where it pays for in local currency, and sells as coffee in another country with its local country. Hence, when the Egyptian Pound depreciates, the cost of beans relatively increases; therefore, causing a fall in profit margin and vice versa. If depreciation is too much, then Costa might increase its selling prices. Moreover, interest rate is vital for a business considering expansion as Costa Coffee. As interest rates increase, Costa Coffee’s ability and willingness to expand or open new branches decreases; due to the high cost of capital. Furthermore, the stock market plays a significant role in encouraging investors to invest in Costa Coffee due to the increasing profits and the good reputation. Finally, high economic growth rate of a country leads people to increase their consumption of Costa Coffees products; since they have more income. Social Factors Egyptians’ culture and lifestyle has dramatically changed in the last 10 years. People are more willing to go to cafes for lunch, dinner or simply a snack. Considering the Egyptian demographics of lifestyle and age groups, most of the Egyptian population falls in the youth age group. Hence, Costa Coffee plays music and offers an atmosphere that is convenient for all ages with special attention to youth. Costa Coffee respects the religion of each nation in which it operates. To clarify, Costa Coffee neither sells alcoholic drinks nor pork-containing food. In addition, Costa Coffees menu is written in both English and Arabic languages. English is the most widely spoken language, and Egypt is known as a touristic attraction. Plus, Egyptians like to come across a menu written in their own language for simplicity and showing cultural respect. Also, many people nowadays are concerned with their health; Costa Coffee is providing low-calorie food, a variety of fresh salads, sandwiches, and fresh fruit juice. Political Factors Governmental rules and regulations could affect the firms suppliers and the price of the raw materials. Imposed taxes or tariffs on the imported coffee beans add to raw materials cost. Rules regarding social insurance add to labor costs. Political instability and strikes do affect labor and consumers of Costa Coffee. Technological Factors Advanced machines affect the firms performance and efficiency through producing tasty coffee as quick as possible. High quality and speed of service affects customer satisfaction and loyalty. Costa Coffee uses highly advanced brewers and coffee makers for the best coffee cup. Besides, the use of the Internet to facilitate transactions between Costa and its suppliers lowers transaction costs and decreases lead time. As a result, stakeholders are more satisfied with increased profits and lower costs. Ecological Factors Costa Coffee uses recyclable paper bags and paper cups. And, it tries to reduce its energy consumption as steps towards a greener environment. It also ensures adherence to responsible farming practices, so that natural habitats are protected thereby reducing deforestation and carbon emissions. Furthermore, Costa is working to deliver green (LEED) certification for new stores beginning later this year and is working closely with its suppliers to develop more environmentally friendly packaging. Industry Environment Operating Environment A firm’s operating environment is related to environmental factors that directly affect the firm and its success in obtaining necessary resources. Yet, they are still factors beyond its area of control. 1. Competitors Costa coffee in Egypt faces high direct competition where around almost every corner in the cities, a coffee shop exists. Therefore, product differentiation is a must, and persistent high-quality is the way to keeping customers. Whichever Costa Coffee shop you enter, you are greeted the same, indulge in the same taste and pay what you see in the menu. Menu prices are tax inclusive which is different than most of other coffee shops. Competitors include, but are not limited to, Starbucks Coffee, Cilantro and Beano’s cafe. Creditors Costa’s past payment records and working capital position are the main attributes affecting creditors decisions. Considering the Egyptian markets, banks are not rare to find. Costa might be dealing with several banks, and may be granted loans from several areas. Hence, creditors have little leverage; since interest rates are controlled by central bank of Egypt as well. Customers Costa coffee is a service firm. Therefore, its utmost goal is customer satisfaction and loyalty to yield profits. Constantly monitoring Egypt’s demographics is essential in keeping a convenient atmosphere. For instance, Costa must always recognise what the youth are listening to these days to be able to play the optimum collection of songs in its branches while abiding by the brand’s image. Accessibility of location and parking spaces are of the main issues regarded by people when deciding on their hang-outs. And, the customer buyer behaviour of whether they prefer more salads and sandwiches rather than desserts; affects how much of each should be available at Costa’s branches. Labor Costa’s reputation and image is kept through its workers. Costa has to respect labor rights especially now that people are more aware of the rights than ever before. Also, Costa has to be selective in its waiters and baristas to keep the brand’s image and reputation. As a result of Costa’s reputation, highly-qualified workers apply for jobs at Costa Coffee. Suppliers Supplier relationships are as important as customer relationships. A good supplier relationships decreases yield time and enhances firm’s productivity. In Costa’s case, supplier power is not high as Costa has multiple suppliers, with low switching costs. However, supplier relationships are well-attended to at Costa Coffee; as part of its social responsibility towards coffee-growing countries.

Confessional Poetry Essay -- Poems Poetry poets Essays Confessions Pla

Confessional Poetry I have done it again. One year in every ten I manage it – A sort of walking miracle, my skin Bright as a Nazi lampshade, My right foot A paperweight, My face featureless, fine Jew linen. This excerpt comes from the poem â€Å"Lady Lazarus† by Sylvia Plath, one of the most famous – and infamous – poets of the 20th century. Many of Plath’s poems, such as this one, belong to a particular school of poetry known as Confessional Poetry. With a distinct style all their own, Plath and her fellow Confessional poets will be forever remembered for their brutal honesty, emotionality, and the personal quality of their poems. Confessional poetry emerged in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s, and was identified by its use of the personal pronoun â€Å"I†. At the time, T.S. Eliot and other poets were advocating an impersonal style in their poetry, and a detached loss of connection with the reader. Confessional poetry emerged partly as a reaction to this train of thought; rather, the Confessional poets originated their school on the idea of themselves as unique individuals bringing something personal and distinctive to readers. The rise of this brand of poetry also coincided with the notorious political and social changes that occurred at the same time, and much of this was reflected in the poems. These changes allowed the Confessional poets to explore issues in their work that had previously been taboo, and had never been discussed before in such a public forum, such as abortions, divorces, mental disorders, and suicide. Moreover, these poets were able to use their real lives as â€Å"inspiration† for their art, giving it an intimate diar... ...r white, middle class backgrounds, and are also highly educated, prompting some critics to claim that this style of poetry is merely a bunch of whiney middle-class white folk, complaining about their miserable lives. Others wonder if the use of â€Å"I† excludes some readers rather than forming an intimate connection. Still others believe that confessional poetry is almost a method of false advertising: they point to evidence that some of the poets may have actually exaggerated their true life events to make for a more interesting read, and that the use of the autobiographical style makes for a false sense of connection with the reader. As with any style of poetry, the merits of Confessional poetry are often passionately debated, but the fact remains that these poets maintain a powerful and significant influence over poetry and other works about poetry to this day. Confessional Poetry Essay -- Poems Poetry poets Essays Confessions Pla Confessional Poetry I have done it again. One year in every ten I manage it – A sort of walking miracle, my skin Bright as a Nazi lampshade, My right foot A paperweight, My face featureless, fine Jew linen. This excerpt comes from the poem â€Å"Lady Lazarus† by Sylvia Plath, one of the most famous – and infamous – poets of the 20th century. Many of Plath’s poems, such as this one, belong to a particular school of poetry known as Confessional Poetry. With a distinct style all their own, Plath and her fellow Confessional poets will be forever remembered for their brutal honesty, emotionality, and the personal quality of their poems. Confessional poetry emerged in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s, and was identified by its use of the personal pronoun â€Å"I†. At the time, T.S. Eliot and other poets were advocating an impersonal style in their poetry, and a detached loss of connection with the reader. Confessional poetry emerged partly as a reaction to this train of thought; rather, the Confessional poets originated their school on the idea of themselves as unique individuals bringing something personal and distinctive to readers. The rise of this brand of poetry also coincided with the notorious political and social changes that occurred at the same time, and much of this was reflected in the poems. These changes allowed the Confessional poets to explore issues in their work that had previously been taboo, and had never been discussed before in such a public forum, such as abortions, divorces, mental disorders, and suicide. Moreover, these poets were able to use their real lives as â€Å"inspiration† for their art, giving it an intimate diar... ...r white, middle class backgrounds, and are also highly educated, prompting some critics to claim that this style of poetry is merely a bunch of whiney middle-class white folk, complaining about their miserable lives. Others wonder if the use of â€Å"I† excludes some readers rather than forming an intimate connection. Still others believe that confessional poetry is almost a method of false advertising: they point to evidence that some of the poets may have actually exaggerated their true life events to make for a more interesting read, and that the use of the autobiographical style makes for a false sense of connection with the reader. As with any style of poetry, the merits of Confessional poetry are often passionately debated, but the fact remains that these poets maintain a powerful and significant influence over poetry and other works about poetry to this day.

Essay on the Angel of a Woman in The Birthmark -- Birthmark Essays

Angel of a Woman in â€Å"The Birthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"The Birthmark,† contains a wonderful example of the perfect wife. This essay will develop that theme.    In the opening paragraph of â€Å"The Birthmark† the narrator introduces Aylmer as a scientist who â€Å"had made experience of a spiritual affinity more attractive than any chemical one.† Hawthorne’s description of the scientist’s love for Georgiana is apt, for love is just that – spiritual. And the theme of this tale is a spiritual one. Through the course of the story Aylmer declines spiritually, while Georgiana advances spiritually.    Even after Aylmer has â€Å"persuaded a beautiful woman to become his wife,† he is not capable of loving her properly, unselfishly, because he â€Å"had devoted himself, however, too unreservedly to scientific studies ever to be weaned from them by any second passion.† The narrator seeks to justify this error or lack in Aylmer by explaining that â€Å"it was not unusual for the love of science to rival the love of woman in its depth and absorbing energy.† Already at the outset of the tale, the reader perceives that Georgiana is going to be shortchanged in this marriage. She is exposed to the problem initially when her husband asks whether â€Å"it never occurred to you that the mark upon your cheek might be removed?'' Aylmer is in quest of physical perfection in his wife; unfortunately he discounts her inner, spiritual value so clearly manifested in her comment: ``To tell you the truth it has been so often called a charm that I was simple enough to imagine it mi ght be so.'' In using the word â€Å"simple† she is being honest and not sarcastic; she is being humble and respectful of others’ (parents?) evaluation of herself. T... ...dab: â€Å"Laugh, thing of the senses! You have earned the right to laugh.'' But there is no success, for with great tenderness and concern for her husband’s happiness, Georgiana softly says, â€Å"I am dying!† The narrator’s beautifully poetic way of expressing the demise of the wife is memorable: â€Å"The fatal hand had grappled with the mystery of life, and was the bond by which an angelic spirit kept itself in union with a mortal frame.† The soul of this angelic, loving woman, â€Å"lingering a moment near her husband, took its heavenward flight.† A true angel of womankind is ascending to heaven.    WORKS CITED    Hawthorne, Nathaniel . The Birthmark Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=HawBirt.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=1&division=div1      

The Role of International Strategy and Organizational Design

The current trend of world economics business model lays on the world system division of labor between the core, the marginal, and the semi-marginal countries/states. The trading is not â€Å"isolated† or â€Å"internal† but rather it participates externally or in the global market and as such, this type of market is heavily affected by the dictates of the globalization trends. The system of economics and their flow and relations between these countries are â€Å"non-static† and â€Å"non-constant† over long and short periods of time due largely to political, environmental and cultural changes vis à ¡ vis the evolving idea of ‘consumerism’ in the global community. The traditional concept of consumerism and commoditization of goods is largely challenged, hence, the business sectors/producers should construct an effective strategy and an efficient organizational design to cope up with the world economic trend and at the same, fulfill the organization/companies objectives and visionary goals. The success, therefore, of an international company, lies on competitive action central to the combination of an effective strategic and traditional management.   We do not displace the idea of traditional management (e.g. budgeting and marketing) because its’ function is recognized as the core of business planning but rather, we aim to rectify/improve the company’s/organization’s business performance by target shooting the errors and analyzing it within the context of the global market system (or the business environment) and the capabilities (e.g. assets, facilities, resources) of the company system. Critical to strategic management is the anticipation of changes in the economic system, in the demands of the consumers, new business technologies, competition, and (global) economic policy developments. Co-integration of the two—traditional and strategic—would give a sense of direction to the company in the globally competitive market. What would be an apt strategic management in the non-static global economic system? The strategic management for this is a six level schema: (1) analysis of external factors (2) scrutinizing internal factors (3) stratagem (4) execution and (5) performance assessment/evaluation. Arguably, the logic in analyzing the external factors lies in the structural level of social formation, but, we dispense this, in favor of the transnational concept—an approach that capitalizes on the importance of transnational practices in three major sectors, political, economic, cultural with focus on transnational corporation influence and consumerism— that of which had been the latest trend in global capitalism. Also, the importance of technological improvements and their incorporation into the market is intangible in the analysis of external factors. The presence of competitors and economic policies should not be undermined; the parameters set by international laws may be restrictive but nevertheless, they are designed to facilitate a â€Å"fair† trading system; competitors for a particular commodity should also be accounted since globalization is heavily mandated by the transnational corps. It is on the basis of such external factors the company will seek to adjust to and construct the stratagem. The capacity of the organization, its’ parameters, its’ resources, its’ liabilities and its’ needs must be carefully examined. Financial status, the employed technology for the commodity, the operative management and the available facilities must be ‘apt’ and can be competitive with the international companies. Leadership within the system and good working force are important elements. The organization should seek to answer the following in response to its internal structure: is the product globally competitive? After assessing the internal and external factors, devising the stratagem is the next point of economic action. Goal identification and the feasibility of the plan being constructed is high on the agenda. Crucial to this is the statistics of materialization, the impact on the company/organization, and products development over a timeframe. Critical points should be well identified as well as mitigating errors, alternative plans, and analyzing and defining jobs and responsibilities per level of organization. The stratagem developed should have the following characteristics: (1) goal-oriented; (2) creative, by-product of external and internal analysis; and (3) strength-decisive/non-vulnerable in the market; (4) feasible. The execution of strategy requires organizational design, resource allocation, and strong motivation. Organizational design involves efficient distribution of work force, recognizing their potential, and creating effective relations between the working people. Performance assessment is the last step and is achieved by assessing the plan on its’ efficiency on its’ how’s and ends. Flow monitoring of the work and assessing statistical significance of produce as well as company growth are important evaluation points. The importance of such strategy is the actual/real test of the stratagem on the economic market. The strategic management places special attention to the environmental monitoring. Such activity is inherently important during forecasting or anticipation of future economic events and other related global aspects which may otherwise affect the position of organization and its products in the global economic scheme. Present and past trends and their change over time is prevalent in predicting scenarios that may be of value to the company. In strategic planning, ‘predictions’ are important in that the decisions are made to be flexible. In recognizing the role of international strategy and organizational design in the global market, the organization/company takes an initial step in ‘equipping’ itself against the highly volatile network of economic world systems and becomes, at the most, competitive. References Sklair, L. (1999). Competing Conceptions of Globalization. Journal of World-Systems Research, 5, 143-162. Aguilar, F. (1967). Scanning the business environment. NY: Macmillan, Inc.            

Development of Jane Eyre Essay

At the opening of her incredible journey, Jane Eyre is a timid, shy, and headstrong girl. Through the course of her journey, her character does not exactly â€Å"change†, but rather expands and develops. Her first growth starts at the Lowood School, where she finally finds herself in a society with which she can relate and grow. The second advance appears in the place of Thornfield, a place of many wonders. Then, in the region of Morton and Marsh End (or Moor House), Jane really evolves into the person she is truly meant to be. While enrolled in the Lowood School, Jane finds true friends that are closer than even her own family. She starts as the shy, ever pleasing, little girl. Within her stay at the Lowood School, she meets Miss Temple and Helen Burns. Helen is a student at the school as well. She is and intelligent young girl who is forgetful, submissive, and tolerant. Helen’s submissive ways aggravate Jane to no extent, yet this does not faze Helen. Helen’s way is to not look for a home in the world but to look towards God and heaven for residence. Although her approach to life makes her docile, it does not make her oblivious to the many abuses put to the girls of Lowood, she just believes that justice will be found in God’s kingdom. That the bad will be punished and the good will be rewarded. Therefore, Helen’s methods teach Jane to count on God for support and guidance in her life. Meanwhile, Miss Temple, a teacher at the school, is a kind and loving woman. This woman has the heart of a celestial being and is fair and just to every one of her students. Miss Temple is able to command respect from everyone around her without even attempting. She is not afraid to stand up to her superiors when extraneous suffering has been put upon her students. Miss Temple’s part in Jane’s development is that she teaches her to unknowingly demand respect from everyone as a whole and to justly love anyone unconditionally, no matter the circumstances. In Thornfield, Jane reaches another developmental milestone. Until this point, Jane never really discovers a place she can find home. As she comes to perceive this dwelling as home, she befriends a few distinctive characters, mainly Adele Varens, the little French girl that she has been brought to Thornfield to teach. Not only in Adele the sole reason Jane made the fateful trip to Thornfield, she also plays a part in the process of Jane’s evolution. Jane is never spoiled in childhood or a doll to anyone. In contrast, this is exactly what Adele’s life is about. Adele, who everyone usually ignores, is spoiled beyond belief. Mostly, her elders treat her like a doll. Incidentally, Adele basically has the childhood that Jane can never partake in. From taking Adele under her wing, Jane also becomes a sort of mother-figure to the young girl, resulting from Adele’s mother running away from the girl. For the most part, Adele indoctrinates Jane to become a more free-spirited, playful, and spoiled young woman, coupled with the fact that Adele transforms Jane’s character into a more mother-like figure. While in the area of Morton and Marsh End, Jane makes some life changing discoveries to go along with her ever changing shape of a being. Here is where she meets unknowingly meets her family that she has no idea exists, and through these connections, she gains her fortune of money from her uncle, John Eyre. â€Å"How can someone’s character become more develop from a person without ever even meeting them?† one might ask. Well, John Eyre’s fortune makes a considerable impact on Jane’s life. Jane finally becomes an independent for once in her life. She no longer has to rely on anyone to take care of her or watch over her actions. By the vast amount of money she attains, Jane also realizes that she is generous and decides she cannot keep money she did not rightfully earn. Therefore, Jane splits the money with her cousins on the accord of she was not the only on that had legitimate claim to the money. Furthermore, while in Morton, Jane became a schoolteacher. Chiefly, when Jane was a teacher at the Lowood School, she had students that were willing to learn and usually had some educational background. One the other hand, the students at the new school in Morton were not exceptionally bright and most were not all that willing to learn. Consequently, Jane was learning to understand people more and found she could see the best in people, and in most cases, she discovers she can bring out a willingness to learn in her students. Throughout the series of her adventures, Jane uncovers distinct traits within herself that bring out the full blown Jane Eyre. Transforming from a timid, shy, and headstrong girl to a loving, respect commanding, free-spirited, playful, and generous young woman, Jane Eyre becomes a fully developed, well rounded person that knows the good in the world and how to pursue her dreams.

Frankestein and his creature Evil Essay

He ate the berries and other small fruits that he found in the woods. He is good at this stage because He has seen how He was upsetting the family when He was eating their food; He realised this and started to chop wood to repay the family. He is aspiring to be like the family, He wishes to be friends with them and have friends of His own. There are a series of events, which leads up to the creature becoming resentful and violent. He first saw His reflection in a pond; His gaze laid eyes upon His ugly, repulsive reflection. He could not believe that His creator had made Him this ugly. When He saw the blind Grandfather alone one day, He decided He would approach Him because He thought the Grandfather would be more understanding as he was old and more wise. This was so but when the old man’s daughter in law and Granddaughter returned, they screamed at the sight and the son came rushing home. The son thought the creature was attacking his father and so the son attacked the creature. The creature ran away and did not respond with violence. The creature did not lash out because He thought that if He did it would ruin any chance of becoming friends with the family. Later on in the week he over heard a conversation between the son and their landlord, the son said, â€Å"My wife and sister will never recover from their horror. † After the conversation the creature gave up all hope of befriending the once, happy, joyous and caring family. The family left the cottage out of fright; meanwhile the creature was angry and very upset. He went back to the empty cottage and set the wooden building alight. He watched the cottage burn and He enjoyed it. Later on in the creature’s life He found Victor’s diary which contained notes on how His creator abandoned Him. In the front of Victor’s diary it had His home address of Geneva written in it. The creature was determined that Victor would feel His wrath. He set of to Geneva to get revenge. On His arrival in Geneva, he saw a small boy walking on the same lane that He was on. The creature hid in the bushes and wandered whether he should He reveal Him self to the child. He thought that if the child being young would understand His condition. He decided to reveal Him self. He took hold of the small boy’s arm, He wanted to protect and look after Him. The child screamed, the creature told the boy His intentions, that He wanted to be friends. The boy kept on screaming, He cried out, â€Å"Monster! Ugly wretch! You wish to eat me and tear me to pieces, you’re an ogre, let me go or I will tell my Papa. My father is Mme Frankenstein. † â€Å"You belong to my sworn enemy, Victor Frankenstein. After all the upset He has caused me, I will give Him something to be upset about. † With that the creature picked up the small boy William and throttled Him. The creature gained enormous pleasure over killing William, He had the taste for killing and He wanted revenge. The creature met with Frankenstein in the remote mountainous regions of Geneva, no one around to disturb them. The monster did not attack Victor, he wished to talk; the creature wanted Victor to create another being, a female one this time. Victor was served with an ultimatum, if he would recreate another being they would retire to South America or Victor would feel his wrath, fired by hatred, self-pity and desire for a mate. The creature does have a right to a mate, He will go away and not disturb any one ever again or He will destroy Victor if He does not. Victor has reason not to create a mate, She could be even worse, she has not promised to be good, the creature could hate it, they could come back or they might desolate the world. When Frankenstein was on His death bed, He said, â€Å"Examining my past conduct, nor do I find it blameable. † He feels it is not His fault about what has happened and He feels He had done nothing wrong. He knows He had responsibilities but He ignored them thinking the duties towards the beings of my own species were more important. Victor said He was right about not building a new creature. He says the first one went wrong and killed his friends and family, so He will not create a partner for the creature that killed them. He said it was evil and He had to kill it. The creature is very upset, He admits to killing Victor by leading Him to the icy lands. He asked for forgiveness but He knows it will not change anything. It said He had put up with more anguish than Victor ever had, He had to do it even though he didn’t want to do it. When Victor was about to be cremated on the ice fields, the ice cracked up, the monster swam across and lit the pyre, and He stayed there next to Victor while He burned. I think that Victor Frankenstein was not evil, He was very confused and completely adsorbed in what he was doing, he was sure he was right, wanting to get rid of death, apart from a violent on. The creature was good in that he helped the family in the winter when food was scarce. However he did turn to evil was towards the end of the book after he failed with living with him self, destine to walk alone for the rest of his life. Another aspect for being evil was that he killed his creator; the man he gave him his pitiful life, and his family.